Gastroesophageal Reflux (Differential Diagnosis Congenital Muscular Torticollis)

Semi-oblique x-ray of an esophagogram of a 10-month-old boy. There is already spontaneous reflux of the swallowed contrast from the stomach in the upper third of the esophagus. Representation of a permanent epiphrenic pouch of the stomach. The patient has gastroesophageal reflux with a large hiatushernia which may occasionally lead to torticollis. It disappears after treatment of the reflux = Sandifer syndrome. It is important in case of meningism and/or torticollis to consider a neurogenic torticollis; isolated torticollis or one combined with other symptoms may be observed in more than 10% of medulloblastoma $$hydr_11??££alternate figure§§.