Types 2 (VUR)

Endoscopic view of the colliculus in a young infant; clearly visible folds run from the lower pole to both sides. The diagnosis is congenital posterior urethral valves which cause an infravesical obstruction and increased intravesical pressure; consequently, a uni- or bilateral reflux may occur. This is an example of a secondary vesicoureteral reflux. It may be observed in neurogenic and functional voiding disorders of the bladder, in diverticula near the orifice, and in ureterocele. The differentiation between primary and secondary reflux is very important among other things for therapeutical reasons.